Molecular Biology
Molecular biology focuses on clarifying the essence of life. It mainly studies the structure and function of biological macromolecular nucleic acids and proteins and the transmission and regulation of life information. The main research contents include the molecular biology of nucleic acid, molecular biology of protein and molecular biology of cell signal transduction.
Molecular biology has developed rapidly since the middle of the 20th century. One of the most important reasons is the progress of gene operation and gene engineering technology. Basic operations include: cutting and joining of DNA, nucleic acid hybridization, gel electrophoresis, cell transformation, nucleic acid sequence analysis, artificial gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis and PCR amplification. This is the core technology of molecular biology research. Genetic engineering refers to inserting nucleic acid molecules into vector molecules in vitro to make them enter host cells for continuous and stable reproduction and expression. The ability to cross the barrier of natural species and place genes from any organism in new host biological cells without kinship is the fundamental feature that distinguishes genetic engineering technology from other technologies.
