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Detection And Quality Control Of Host Proteins
Host proteins (HCP) form a major part of the process-related impurities in the production of biologics. The amount of residual HCP in a pharmaceutical product is often considered a critical quality attribute (CQA) because of its potential to affect product safety and efficacy.
Aug.09, 2022Read More > -
Definition And Structure Of Antibodies
Antibodies are shaped like the letter 'Y' and their main job is to bind to an invading antigen, but not to kill the antigen - they do not have this function; the binding is to give the antigen a marker to be destroyed. When phagocytes find the marker to destroy, they come forward and swallow the antibody-bound antigen and digest it.
Aug.09, 2022Read More > -
Selfish Bacterial Plasmids
Plasmids are a segment of circular DNA within a bacterium that is not part of the bacterial nuclear genome; they replicate within the cell and enter a daughter cell at random when it divides.
Aug.09, 2022Read More >
Immunology
The immune response is a physiological process produced by the immune system to eliminate antigens. This process is the comprehensive embodiment of the physiological functions of various parts of the immune system, including a series of physiological reactions such as antigen presentation, lymphocyte activation, immune molecule formation, and immune effect.
Immunity is the capability of the body's immune system to recognize self and foreign antigens and to eliminate antigenic foreign bodies through immune responses to maintain the body's physiological balance. The functions of immunity include immune defense, immune stabilization, and immune surveillance. The immune system is a complex network of specialized cells, tissues, organs of immune function, and nuclear molecules that recognizes self and non-self in any higher animal, elicits immune responses, perform immune effects, and maintain its own stability and is the material basis of the immune mechanism of the body. Immune organs include: central immune organs (such as bone marrow, thymus, and other functional organs), peripheral immune organs (such as lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, etc.)