Cell Signal Transduction
Signal ligand molecules activate the receptor domain in the cell by binding to the specific domain outside the receptor protein membrane on the cell membrane, so as to transfer the signal from outside the membrane to inside the membrane. This process is called cell signal transduction.
Cell information transmission methods: (1) through direct contact between adjacent cells; (2) through the secretion of various chemical substances by cells to regulate the metabolism and functions of other cells; the chemical substances that regulate the life activities of cells are called information substances. Intercellular information substances are the collective name of chemical substances secreted by cells that regulate the life activities of target cells, also known as first messengers. Mainly include proteins and peptides (such as growth factors, cytokines, insulin, etc.), amino acids and their derivatives (such as glycine, thyroxine, epinephrine, etc.), steroid hormones (such as glucocorticoids, sex hormones, etc.), fatty acids Derivatives (eg prostaglandins), gases (eg nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, etc.).
